DISEASE OF THE MONTH Contrast Nephropathy

With the increasing use of radiographic contrast media in diagnostic and interventional procedures, contrast-induced nephropathy (CN) has become an important cause of iatrogenic acute renal impairment. In fact, CN is the third leading cause of new acute renal failure in hospitalized patients (1). The pathophysiology and risk factors for this complication are becoming better understood, but there is still controversy surrounding many aspects. The purpose of this article is to review recent developments in the area of CN. Particular emphasis will be placed on means of minimizing the risk or preventing this important problem.